Episode 21

Race & Mormon Scripture Pt 1

Original Air Date: 2023-01-02

RaceCurse of CainPriesthood Ban

In this episode of the Mormon Stories Podcast, host John Dehlin and Mike from "LDS Discussions" conduct a detailed examination of race within Mormon scripture, specifically addressing how the Book of Mormon, Book of Moses, and Book of Abraham codified 19th-century racial concepts into religious doctrine 1, 2. The hosts aim to present historical data and scriptural text objectively, acknowledging that the material is emotionally difficult and deeply painful for many to hear 3, 2.

The Book of Mormon and 19th-Century WorldviewThe discussion begins by establishing that the Book of Mormon is best understood as a 19th-century text that attempts to explain the origins of Native Americans through the lens of white settlers 4. Mike explains that the narrative relies on the "Mound Builder myth," a common 19th-century belief that dark-skinned indigenous people had destroyed a superior white race that previously inhabited the land 5. This worldview is reflected in Book of Mormon verses such as 2 Nephi 5:21, which states that the Lord caused a "skin of Blackness" to come upon the Lamanites so they would not be "enticing" to the white Nephites 6. The text explicitly describes dark skin as a curse or a mark of a curse intended to separate the two peoples and deter intermarriage, stating that the seed of those who mix with them would also be cursed 6, 7.

"Skin Means Skin": Literal InterpretationsA significant portion of the episode is dedicated to refuting modern apologetic arguments that claim references to "black skin" or "dark skin" were metaphorical 8. The hosts present evidence that Joseph Smith and subsequent church leaders interpreted these verses literally 9.

  • Scriptural Confirmation: Alma 3 confirms that the skins of the Lamanites were dark according to the mark set upon their fathers, and Jacob 3 contrasts the "filthiness" of the Lamanites' dark skins with the white skins of the Nephites 10, 11.
  • Church Artwork: Official church illustrations for children depicted Lamanites with dark skin and Nephites with light skin, reinforcing the literal interpretation that dark skin was a sign of the curse 9, 12.
  • Prophetic Teachings: Church leaders, including Spencer W. Kimball in 1960, taught that Native Americans who joined the church were literally becoming "white and delightsome," citing an example of an indigenous girl whose skin allegedly lightened by several shades 13.
  • Manual Manipulations: Mike highlights a 2020 Come, Follow Me manual that utilized a quote by Joseph Fielding Smith to suggest dark skin was not a sign of the curse 14. However, the manual used ellipses to remove portions of the quote where Smith explicitly stated the dark skin was the sign of the curse and was placed upon them to prevent racial mixing 15.
  • Racism in the Book of Moses and Book of AbrahamThe episode expands beyond the Book of Mormon to examine the Pearl of Great Price. In the Book of Moses, Joseph Smith’s revision of the Bible, he introduced the concept that the descendants of Cain were cursed with blackness and were despised among all people 16. In the Book of Abraham, the text claims that the Pharaohs of Egypt were descendants of Ham and Canaan, a lineage that preserved the "curse in the land" and denied them the "right of priesthood" 17. This scriptural addition provided the doctrinal foundation for the priesthood and temple ban on members of African descent, creating a theology where the ban was attributed to God rather than the prejudices of men 17, 18. Mike also discusses Facsimile 3 in the Book of Abraham, noting that Joseph Smith identified a black figure as a slave, whereas modern Egyptology identifies the figure as the god Anubis; evidence suggests the snout of the jackal-headed god may have been removed from the printing plates to make the figure appear human and support the racial narrative 19, 20.

    The Priesthood Ban and Its RemovalThe hosts challenge the narrative that the priesthood ban was merely a policy started by Brigham Young, pointing out that Joseph Smith produced three different scriptures—the Book of Mormon, Book of Moses, and Book of Abraham—that codified dark skin as a curse 21, 18. A 1947 First Presidency letter explicitly stated that the ban was "doctrine" and that intermarriage was "repugnant" 22. Regarding the lifting of the ban in 1978, Mike cites an interview with Apostle LeGrand Richards, who indicated the decision was driven largely by the practical necessity of operating the new temple in Brazil, where many members had mixed ancestry, rather than a dramatic, spontaneous revelation 23.

    Lived Experiences and ImpactThroughout the episode, the hosts are joined by guests Sabrina and Chanel, who share their perspectives as Black women with ties to the church.

  • Sabrina notes the hypocrisy of the church defending white depictions of Jesus as artistic liberty while claiming dark depictions of Lamanites were mistakes, emphasizing that seeing dark skin constantly associated with "loathsome" traits in scripture is damaging 24, 25.
  • Chanel recounts her conversion story, describing how she was "love bombed" by members only to later be told she was cursed and that she had been less valiant in the pre-existence 26. She expressed the deep pain of being told she was "less than" and the isolation of being unable to date or marry within the faith due to racial stigma 27.
  • The episode concludes with the assertion that the church's racial history is not just a product of its time, but a result of leaders who could not distinguish their own prejudices from the will of God, leading to generations of harm 28.

    Episode Info

    Guests: Mike (LDS Discussions)

    Related Article: LDS Discussions