Episode 35

Revelation Pt 1 - Joseph Smith's Backdated Prophecies

Original Air Date: 2023-02-18

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This video features John Dehlin, Mike from LDS Discussions, Radio Free Mormon (RFM), and Nemo the Mormon examining the concept of "backdated prophecies" within Mormonism, specifically focusing on how Joseph Smith may have inserted historical events known to him into scripture to appear as ancient predictions

  • 1. The panel argues that by analyzing where prophecies shift from specific accuracy to vague generalities, scholars can pinpoint the actual date of a text's composition 2, 3.
  • The Definition and Scholarship of Backdated ProphecyThe discussion begins by defining a backdated prophecy as a literary technique where an author writes about past events but places them in the mouth of an ancient figure, making them appear as miraculous predictions 4. RFM explains this using the biblical Book of Daniel: the text accurately predicts 400 years of history leading up to the 2nd Century BCE, but suddenly gets the history wrong regarding the death of Antiochus Epiphanes 5, 6. Scholars conclude the book was written during that specific window where accuracy ceases, as the author knew the past but could not predict the actual future 2. The panel notes that New Testament writers, particularly Matthew, similarly backdated prophecies to make Jesus fit Old Testament expectations, often misinterpreting the original texts in the process 7, 8.

    The Martin Harris and Charles Anthon VisitA significant portion of the video analyzes how Joseph Smith backdated the encounter between Martin Harris and scholar Charles Anthon to fulfill Isaiah 29 9.

  • Rewriting Isaiah: Joseph Smith expands two verses of Isaiah into a detailed narrative in 2 Nephi 27 to mirror the Anthon visit 10. The panel argues this is a misreading of Isaiah, who was writing about Jerusalem, not a literal book or a future prophet 11.
  • Evolving History: Joseph’s 1832 history gives a barebones account of this visit, but the canonized 1838 history—written after Harris was excommunicated—greatly embellishes the story 12, 13. The 1838 version adds details about "Egyptian, Chaldaic, Assyrian, and Arabic" characters and a certificate that Anthon allegedly tore up 13.
  • The Certificate: Mike suggests Joseph fabricated the detail about Anthon giving a certificate to mirror the certificate Joseph received from Michael Chandler regarding the Book of Abraham mummies in 1835 14, 15.
  • The Lost 116 Pages and the "Small Plates"The panel discusses how the loss of the 116 manuscript pages led Joseph Smith to backdate a solution into the text 16. Because Joseph dictated the end of the Book of Mormon (Mosiah through Moroni) before rewriting the beginning (1 Nephi), he was able to insert the concept of a "second set of plates" (the Small Plates) into 1 Nephi to cover the loss 17, 18.

  • Internal Inconsistencies: This creates a textual "fingerprint" where the prophets in the middle of the book (like King Benjamin and Alma) seem unaware of the specific prophecies regarding Jesus' birth date and life that were supposedly written by Nephi centuries earlier 19. The early prophets (written last by Joseph) have perfect knowledge of the future, while the middle prophets (written first) do not 20, 21.
  • Nephi’s Vision as 19th Century HistoryRFM argues that the "Vision of Nephi" (1 Nephi 11–14) is a prime example of backdating. The text provides incredibly specific details about the discovery of America, Columbus, the Revolutionary War, and the coming forth of the Bible and Book of Mormon—events that had already occurred by 1829 22, 23.

  • The Shift to Vagueness: Just like the Book of Daniel, the specificity of the Book of Mormon’s prophecies ends abruptly after Joseph Smith’s timeline (around 1829 or 1830) 23. The text fails to predict the Civil War, the Industrial Revolution, or specific modern events, suggesting the author's knowledge was limited to the early 19th century 3, 24.
  • Joseph Smith Prophesying of Himself: The panel highlights 2 Nephi 3 and the Joseph Smith Translation of Genesis 50, where Joseph Smith essentially writes a prophecy about himself, by name, into the mouths of ancient patriarchs 25, 26.
  • The Civil War and Modern ParallelsThe video addresses the famous "Civil War Prophecy" (D&C 87). While often cited as miraculous, Mike points out that it was received just four days after a newspaper article in the Painesville Telegraph discussed the exact same tensions involving South Carolina and the threat of disunion 27. Furthermore, the prophecy incorrectly predicted that this war would lead to the "end of all nations" 28, 29.

    Modern ApplicationThe discussion concludes by noting that this culture of retrofitting prophecy continues today. The panel uses the example of President Russell M. Nelson’s 2019 comment about the next conference being "memorable," which members later reinterpreted as a prophetic warning about the COVID-19 pandemic 30. This occurred despite Nelson later admitting he had no foreknowledge of the pandemic 31.

    Summary Insight:The panelists contend that the Book of Mormon functions as a theological time capsule. It addresses 19th-century issues (infant baptism, revivalism) and includes "prophecies" of history up to 1829, but lacks awareness of distinct Mormon doctrines developed later in Nauvoo (such as baptism for the dead or temple sealings) 32. This evidence leads them to conclude that Joseph Smith left his "fingerprints" all over the text, creating a record that reflects his own timeline rather than an ancient one 33.

    Episode Info

    Guests: Mike (LDS Discussions), Nemo the Mormon, Radio Free Mormon

    Related Article: LDS Discussions