Episode 49

The Rise & Fall of John C. Bennett Pt 1

Original Air Date: 2024-01-05

John C. BennettNauvooEarly Church History

This video, titled "Joseph Smith’s Puppet - The Rise & Fall of John C. Bennett - Pt 1," features Mormon Stories host John Dehlin alongside Mike from LDS Discussions, Nemo the Mormon, and researcher Julia from Analyzing Mormonism. The episode serves as the first in a three-part series examining the life of John C. Bennett, a figure the hosts describe as one of the most infamous, scandalous, and essential characters in Nauvoo-era Mormonism 1.

Based on the transcript, here is a detailed summary of the discussion regarding Bennett's meteoric rise to power and his subsequent crash.

  • 1. Bennett’s Background and Conversion
  • Before joining the Mormons, John C. Bennett had a diverse and somewhat dubious resume. He was a Campbellite, a Methodist preacher, and a physician—though his medical credentials were questionable, as he often issued degrees from a university he founded that had no actual classes 2, 3.

  • Infiltration vs. Conversion: Bennett was baptized in September 1840. In later exposes, Bennett claimed he never believed in Mormonism and joined solely to "get behind the curtain" and expose Joseph Smith as a fraud 4, 5. However, the podcast hosts view this as revisionist history, suggesting Bennett was likely an opportunist seeking power who later tried to frame his participation as an undercover operation 6.
  • A "Puppet" Relationship: The hosts argue that Bennett was not merely a hanger-on but was effectively Joseph Smith’s "puppet" or "fixer." Joseph needed Bennett’s legal and political savvy to protect him from extradition to Missouri, while Bennett craved the influence Joseph could provide 7, 8.
  • 2. The Unprecedented Accumulation of Power
  • The central theme of the episode is the sheer number of high-ranking positions Bennett acquired within just months of his baptism (September 1840 to mid-1841). The hosts suggest this consolidation of power highlights a lack of discernment in Joseph Smith and a dangerous centralization of authority in Nauvoo 8, 9.

    Bennett’s titles included:

  • Quartermaster General: In charge of supplies for the military 10.
  • First Mayor of Nauvoo: Elected February 1841 11.
  • Chancellor of the University of Nauvoo: Though the university lacked a campus and funds, it had ambitious academic goals, including teaching multiple languages and mathematics 12, 13.
  • Major General of the Nauvoo Legion: He was second in command only to Joseph Smith (Lieutenant General). The Legion grew to be the largest military unit in the U.S. at the time, causing fear in neighboring towns 13, 14.
  • Assistant President of the Church: In April 1841, he was sustained into the First Presidency due to Sydney Rigdon’s poor health 15.
  • Master in Chancery: A judicial role allowing him to oversee oaths and testimony, effectively giving Joseph Smith an "insider" view of legal threats against him 16.
  • Grand Secretary of the Masonic Lodge: Bennett was instrumental in establishing Freemasonry in Nauvoo 17.
  • 3. The Nauvoo City Charter
  • One of Bennett's most significant contributions was the Nauvoo City Charter. The hosts explain that this charter granted the city extraordinary powers, including the right to issue writs of habeas corpus. This legal maneuver allowed the Nauvoo courts to intercept arrest warrants from outside jurisdictions (specifically Missouri), effectively making Nauvoo a sovereign state and a haven for fugitives, including Joseph Smith 18, 19. The charter concentrated judicial, legislative, and executive power into the Mayor’s hands (Bennett, and later Joseph), eliminating checks and balances 20.

    4. Scandals: Brothels and "Spiritual Wifery"

    The episode delves into the seedy underbelly of Bennett’s tenure:

  • The Nauvoo Brothel: Historical sources indicate Bennett likely established a brothel in Nauvoo. It operated for some time before the City Council finally passed an ordinance to remove it in 1842 21, 22.
  • Sexual Allegations: Bennett was accused of seducing multiple women by telling them that "illicit intercourse" was acceptable to God as long as there were no accusers—a distortion of Joseph Smith’s own private polygamy teachings 23.
  • The "Fall Guy": The hosts argue that Bennett may have served as a "fall guy" for Joseph Smith’s polygamy. Both men were engaging in secret sexual relationships; however, when rumors spread, Joseph publically condemned Bennett’s "spiritual wifery" to distract from his own practice of "plural marriage," despite the practices being functionally similar 24-26.
  • 5. The Fall and Excommunication

    The relationship between Smith and Bennett collapsed in the spring of 1842.

  • Disfellowship: In May 1842, church leaders discovered Bennett had a wife and children he had abandoned. He was privately disfellowshipped, but Joseph Smith initially kept it secret, likely to avoid political fallout or mutual destruction 27, 28.
  • Resignation: Bennett was forced to resign as Mayor on May 17, 1842. In a show of continued nepotism and power consolidation, Joseph Smith was immediately elected Mayor to replace him, with Hyram Smith as Vice-Mayor 29.
  • Public Exposure: The truce broke when Bennett threatened to expose Joseph. In response, Joseph published the disfellowship notice in the Times and Seasons and excommunicated Bennett on June 18, 1842 30, 31. Bennett subsequently vowed to write an expose on the "rascality" of Joseph Smith 31.
  • Key Insight

    The hosts conclude that there are "no heroes in this story" 32. Bennett was a scoundrel who exploited his position, but he was enabled by Joseph Smith, who utilized Bennett’s lack of scruples to build a political and military fortress. The episode posits that Joseph Smith’s "discernment" failed spectacularly, as he elevated a man who would eventually cause significant damage to the church's reputation 8, 33.

    Analogy:The relationship between Joseph Smith and John C. Bennett is likened in the video to a corporate "fixer" dynamic or even the relationship between Vladimir Putin and Dmitry Medvedev. Joseph Smith (the ultimate authority) installed Bennett (the puppet) into positions of power to execute legal maneuvers and consolidate control that Joseph couldn't openly grab himself. Bennett acted as a shield, handling the dirty work of legislation and military organization. However, like many fixers who know too much and become too ambitious, Bennett eventually became a liability. Joseph had to "cut him loose," forcing Bennett to take the blame for the very culture of secrecy and sexual experimentation that Joseph himself had cultivated. 34, 35.

    Episode Info

    Guests: Mike (LDS Discussions), Nemo the Mormon, Julia (Analyzing Mormonism)

    Related Article: LDS Discussions